A QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE LABELING INFORMATION OF COLLAGEN-CONTAINING FOOD SUPPLEMENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2023vol2.7168Keywords:
collagen, collagen peptides, hair, information quality, joints, skinAbstract
The use of collagen dietary supplements (CDS) has increased dramatically, creating a large market for these products. With so many options available, it is important for consumers and medical professionals to be well-informed about the composition of these supplements. The aim of this study was to compare the information provided on the labels of CDS with science-based literature. The study conducted an electronic search of randomized, double-blind, control, and pilot studies, which all evaluated the use of oral native or hydrolyzed CDS. All studies were searched in PubMed, and had to be published in English between 2009-2022, August in PubMed. After the initial search, 33 were used for analysis. These studies were then compared to 147 CDS labels registered with the Food Veterinary Service (FVS) in Latvia. The results showed that while studies confirm the benefits of CDS for health, the labels registered in FVS often lack important information about the collagen source, dosage, and duration of use. This results in a significant frequency of errors and potential misuse compared to current scientific knowledge. This makes it challenging for consumers and medical professionals to make informed decisions when purchasing and using collagen supplements.
References
Abahussain, N. A., Abahussain, E. A., & Al-Oumi, F. M. (2007). Pharmacists' attitudes and awareness towards the use and safety of herbs in Kuwait. Pharmacy practice, 5(3), 125–129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4321/s1886-36552007000300005
Albornoz, C. A., Shah, S., Murgia, R. D., Wang, J. V., & Saedi, N. (2021). Understanding aesthetic interest in oral collagen peptides: A 5‐year national assessment. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 20(2), 566-568. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.13555
Ambrosio, G., Wirth, D., Joseph, J. F., Mazzarino, M., de la Torre, X., Botrè, F., & Parr, M. K. (2020). How reliable is dietary supplement labelling?—Experiences from the analysis of ecdysterone supplements. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 177, 112877. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112877
Astre, G., Deleruyelle, S., Dortignac, A., Bonnet, C., Valet, P., & Dray, C. (2018). Diet-induced obesity and associated disorders are prevented by natural bioactive type 1 fish collagen peptides (Naticol®) treatment. Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 74(4), 647–654. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-018-0650-0
Avery, R. J., Eisenberg, M. D., & Cantor, J. H. (2017). An examination of structure-function claims in dietary supplement advertising in the U.S.: 2003-2009. Preventive medicine, 97, 86–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.01.008
Axon, D. R., Vanova, J., Edel, C., & Slack, M. (2017). Dietary Supplement Use, Knowledge, and Perceptions Among Student Pharmacists. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 81(5), 92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe81592
Benito-Ruiz, P., Camacho-Zambrano, M. M., Carrillo-Arcentales, J. N., Mestanza-Peralta, M. A., Vallejo-Flores, C. A., Vargas-López, S. V., Villacís-Tamayo, R. A., & Zurita-Gavilanes, L. A. (2009). A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of a food ingredient, collagen hydrolysate, for improving joint comfort. International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 60 Suppl 2, 99–113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480802498820
Bolke, L., Schlippe, G., Gerß, J., & Voss, W. (2019). A Collagen Supplement Improves Skin Hydration, Elasticity, Roughness, and Density: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Blind Study. Nutrients, 11(10), 2494. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102494
Borumand, M., & Sibilla, S. (2014). Daily consumption of the collagen supplement Pure Gold Collagen® reduces visible signs of aging. Clinical interventions in aging, 9, 1747–1758. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S65939
Bruyère, O., Zegels, B., Leonori, L., Rabenda, V., Janssen, A., Bourges, C., & Reginster, J. Y. (2012). Effect of collagen hydrolysate in articular pain: a 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. Complementary therapies in medicine, 20(3), 124–130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2011.12.007
Bukic, J., Kuzmanic, B., Rusic, D., Portolan, M., Mihanovic, A., Seselja Perisin, A., Leskur, D., Petric, A., Bozic, J., Tomic, S., & Modun, D. (2021). Community pharmacists' use, perception and knowledge on dietary supplements: a cross sectional study. Pharmacy practice, 19(1), 2251. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18549/PharmPract.2021.1.2251
CalGo® Salmon Bone Collagen Calcium Powder-宸品有限公司. (n.d.). 宸品有限公司. Retrieved from: https://www.champion-bio.com/product-detail/salmon_bone_collagen_calcium/
Carvalho, A. M., Marques, A. P., Silva, T. H., & Reis, R. L. (2018). Evaluation of the Potential of Collagen from Codfish Skin as a Biomaterial for Biomedical Applications. Marine drugs, 16(12), 495. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/md16120495
Chen, R. H., Hsu, C. N., Chung, M. Y., Tsai, W. L., & Liu, C. H. (2008). Effect of different concentrations of collagen, ceramides, N-acetyl glucosamine, or their mixture on enhancing the proliferation of keratinocytes, fibroblasts and the secretion of colagen and/or the expression of mRNA of type I collagen. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 16(1), 11.
Coppola, D., Oliviero, M., Vitale, G. A., Lauritano, C., D’Ambra, I., Iannace, S., & de Pascale, D. (2020). Marine collagen from alternative and sustainable sources: Extraction, processing and applications. Marine drugs, 18(4), 214. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/md18040214
Czajka, A., Kania, E. M., Genovese, L., Corbo, A., Merone, G., Luci, C., & Sibilla, S. (2018). Daily oral supplementation with collagen peptides combined with vitamins and other bioactive compounds improves skin elasticity and has a beneficial effect on joint and general wellbeing. Nutrition Research, 57, 97-108. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2018.06.001
Dasong Liu, Mehdi Nikoo, Gökhan Boran, Peng Zhou, Joe M. Regenstein, wwAnnual Review of Food Science and Technology 2015 6:1, 527-557. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-031414-111800
De Luca, C., Mikhal'chik, E. V., Suprun, M. V., Papacharalambous, M., Truhanov, A. I., & Korkina, L. G. (2016). Skin Anti Aging and Systemic Redox Effects of Supplementation with Marine Collagen Peptides and Plant-Derived Antioxidants: A Single-Blind Case-Control Clinical Study. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2016, 4389410. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4389410
Du, J., Hincke, M. T., Rose-Martel, M., Hennequet-Antier, C., Brionne, A., Cogburn, L. A., ... & Gautron, J. (2015). Identifying specific proteins involved in eggshell membrane formation using gene expression analysis and bioinformatics. BMC genomics, 16(1), 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-2013-3
Duke University Medical Center. (2005, February 27). Lack Of Specific Collagen Type Leads To Osteoarthritis. ScienceDaily. Retrieved from: www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/02/050223161951.htm
Dwyer, J. T., Coates, P. M., & Smith, M. J. (2018). Dietary supplements: regulatory challenges and research resources. Nutrients, 10(1), 41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010041
Edgar, S., Hopley, B., Genovese, L., Sibilla, S., Laight, D., & Shute, J. (2018). Effects of collagen-derived bioactive peptides and natural antioxidant compounds on proliferation and matrix protein synthesis by cultured normal human dermal fibroblasts. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28492-w
ES tiesības - EUR-Lex. (n.d.). ES Tiesības - EUR-Lex. Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/homepage.html?locale=lv
European Medicines Agency. (2023, October 2). European Medicines Agency. Retrieved from: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en
Farmācijas likums. (2022, January 4). Retrieved from: https://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=43127
Forecast ltd, M. D. (2022, January 1). Collagen Peptides Market Size, Growth, Share | 2023-2028. Market Data Forecast. Retrieved from: http://www.marketdataforecast.com/
Gallo, N., Natali, M. L., Sannino, A., & Salvatore, L. (2020). An overview of the use of equine collagen as emerging material for biomedical applications. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 11(4), 79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb11040079
Genovese, L., Corbo, A., & Sibilla, S. (2017). An Insight into the Changes in Skin Texture and Properties following Dietary Intervention with a Nutricosmeceutical Containing a Blend of Collagen Bioactive Peptides and Antioxidants. Skin pharmacology and physiology, 30(3), 146–158. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000464470
Grebow, J. (n.d.). Peak dietary supplement sales leveling off during COVID-19 pandemic, but growth still remains strong over last year, market researchers report during webcast. Nutritional Outlook. Retrieved from: https://www.nutritionaloutlook.com/view/peak-dietary-supplement-sales-leveling-during-covid-19-pandemic-growth-still-remains-strong
Hakuta, A., Yamaguchi, Y., Okawa, T., Yamamoto, S., Sakai, Y., & Aihara, M. (2017). Anti-inflammatory effect of collagen tripeptide in atopic dermatitis. Journal of dermatological science, 88(3), 357–364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.09.002
Hexsel, D., Zague, V., Schunck, M., Siega, C., Camozzato, F. O., & Oesser, S. (2017). Oral supplementation with specific bioactive collagen peptides improves nail growth and reduces symptoms of brittle nails. Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 16(4), 520–526. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.12393
Honvo, G., Lengelé, L., Charles, A., Reginster, J. Y., & Bruyère, O. (2020). Role of Collagen Derivatives in Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Repair: A Systematic Scoping Review With Evidence Mapping. Rheumatology and therapy, 7(4), 703–740. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40744-020-00240-5
Institute of Medicine (US) and National Research Council (US) Committee on the Framework for Evaluating the Safety of Dietary Supplements. (2005). Dietary Supplements: A Framework for Evaluating Safety. National Academies Press (US).
Jafari, H., Lista, A., Siekapen, M. M., Ghaffari-Bohlouli, P., Nie, L., Alimoradi, H., & Shavandi, A. (2020). Fish Collagen: Extraction, Characterization, and Applications for Biomaterials Engineering. Polymers, 12(10), 2230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12102230
Kanzaki, N., Otsuka, Y., Izumo, T., Shibata, H., Nagao, H., Ogawara, K., ... & Nakamura, Y. (2016). Glucosamine-containing supplement improves locomotor functions in subjects with knee pain–a pilot study of gait analysis. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 835-841. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S103943
Kennedy, M. (2018). The vitamin epidemic: what is the evidence for harm or value?. Internal Medicine Journal, 48(8), 901-907. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.13976
Kim, D. U., Chung, H. C., Choi, J., Sakai, Y., & Lee, B. Y. (2018). Oral intake of low-molecular-weight collagen peptide improves hydration, elasticity, and wrinkling in human skin: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutrients, 10(7), 826. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10070826
König, D., Oesser, S., Scharla, S., Zdzieblik, D., & Gollhofer, A. (2018). Specific collagen peptides improve bone mineral density and bone markers in postmenopausal women—a randomized controlled study. Nutrients, 10(1), 97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010097
Kuivaniemi, H., & Tromp, G. (2019). Type III collagen (COL3A1): Gene and protein structure, tissue distribution, and associated diseases. Gene, 707, 151–171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.003
Leeming, D. J., & Karsdal, M. A. (2019). Type V collagen. In Biochemistry of Collagens, Laminins and Elastin: Structure, Function and Biomarkers (pp. 51–57). Elsevier. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-817068-7.00005-7.
Lin, P., Alexander, R. A., Liang, C. H., Liu, C., Lin, Y. H., Lin, Y. H., ... & Kuan, C. M. (2021). Collagen formula with Djulis for improvement of skin hydration, brightness, texture, crow’s feet, and collagen content: A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 20(1), 188-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.13500
Lopez, H. L., Ziegenfuss, T. N., & Park, J. (2015). Evaluation of the Effects of BioCell Collagen, a Novel Cartilage Extract, on Connective Tissue Support and Functional Recovery from Exercise. Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.), 14(3), 30–38.
Lordan R. (2021). Dietary supplements and nutraceuticals market growth during the coronavirus pandemic - Implications for consumers and regulatory oversight. PharmaNutrition, 18, 100282. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100282
Lordan, R., Rando, H. M., COVID-19 Review Consortium, & Greene, C. S. (2021). Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals under Investigation for COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment. mSystems, 6(3), e00122-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00122-21
Luckock, U., Harnett, J., & Cairns, R. (2021). Vitamin and mineral supplement exposures: cases reported to Australia's largest Poisons Information Centre, 2014-2015 to 2018-2019. The British journal of nutrition, 126(12), 1788–1793. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521000647
Lupu, M. A., Gradisteanu Pircalabioru, G., Chifiriuc, M. C., Albulescu, R., & Tanase, C. (2020). Beneficial effects of food supplements based on hydrolyzed collagen for skin care (Review). Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 20(1), 12–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.8342
Mohammed, A., & He, S. (2021). A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of a Hydrolyzed Chicken Collagen Type II Supplement in Alleviating Joint Discomfort. Nutrients, 13(7), 2454. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072454
Moskowitz R. W. (2000). Role of collagen hydrolysate in bone and joint disease. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 30(2), 87–99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1053/sarh.2000.9622
Naomi, R., Ridzuan, P. M., & Bahari, H. (2021). Current Insights into Collagen Type I. Polymers, 13(16), 2642. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13162642
Nurilmala, M., Hizbullah, H. H., Karnia, E., Kusumaningtyas, E., & Ochiai, Y. (2020). Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Collagen, Gelatin, and the Derived Peptides from Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) Skin. Marine drugs, 18(2), 98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/md18020098
Nutraceuticals Market Size & Share Report, 2021-2030. (n.d.). Nutraceuticals Market Size & Share Report, 2021-2030. Retrieved from: https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/nutraceuticals-market
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., McGuinness, L. A., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 372, n71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Parenteau-Bareil, R., Gauvin, R., Cliche, S., Gariépy, C., Germain, L., & Berthod, F. (2011). Comparative study of bovine, porcine and avian collagens for the production of a tissue engineered dermis. Acta biomaterialia, 7(10), 3757–3765. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2011.06.020
Pārtikas nekaitīgums | Eiropas Savienības faktu lapas | Eiropas Parlaments. (2022, November 30). Pārtikas Nekaitīgums | Eiropas Savienības Faktu Lapas | Eiropas Parlaments. Pieejams: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/lv/sheet/51/partikas-nekaitigums
Pārtikas un veterinārais dienests. (2015) Uztura bagātinātāji Vadlīnijas. Retrieved from https://www.pvd.gov.lv/lv/media/952/download
Pārtikas un veterinārais dienests. (n.d.). PVD · Uztura bagātinātāju reģistrs. PVD reģistri. Pieejams: https://registri.pvd.gov.lv/ub
Paškontroles sistēma. (n.d.). Paškontroles Sistēma | Pārtikas Un Veterinārais Dienests. Pieejams: https://www.pvd.gov.lv/lv/paskontroles-sistema
Pereira, C., Barros, L., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2017). Dietary Supplements: Foods, Medicines, or Both? A Controversial Designation with Unspecific Legislation. Current pharmaceutical design, 23(19), 2722–2730. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612823666170117122801
Porcaro, F., Caminiti, L., Crisafulli, G., Guglielmo, F., & Pajno, G. B. (2019). Anaphylaxis to cutaneous exposure to bovine colostrum based cream. Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology, 37(1), 9–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12932/AP-230717-0120
Proksch, E., Schunck, M., Zague, V., Segger, D., Degwert, J., & Oesser, S. (2014). Oral intake of specific bioactive collagen peptides reduces skin wrinkles and increases dermal matrix synthesis. Skin pharmacology and physiology, 27(3), 113–119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000355523
Prospector. (n/a). Peptan® F 2000 HD by Rousselot Inc. - Food, Beverage & Nutrition. UL Prospector. Retrieved from: https://www.ulprospector.com/en/na/Food/Detail/1694/195080/Peptan-F-2000-HD
Ricard-Blum S. (2011). The collagen family. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology, 3(1), a004978. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a004978
Ruff, K. J., Morrison, D., Duncan, S. A., Back, M., Aydogan, C., & Theodosakis, J. (2018). Beneficial effects of natural eggshell membrane versus placebo in exercise-induced joint pain, stiffness, and cartilage turnover in healthy, postmenopausal women. Clinical interventions in aging, 13, 285–295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S153782
Schauss, A. G., Stenehjem, J., Park, J., Endres, J. R., & Clewell, A. (2012). Effect of the novel low molecular weight hydrolyzed chicken sternal cartilage extract, BioCell Collagen, on improving osteoarthritis-related symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 60(16), 4096–4101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf205295u
Schunck, M., Zague, V., Oesser, S., & Proksch, E. (2015). Dietary Supplementation with Specific Collagen Peptides Has a Body Mass Index-Dependent Beneficial Effect on Cellulite Morphology. Journal of medicinal food, 18(12), 1340–1348. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2015.0022
Schwartz, S. R., Hammon, K. A., Gafner, A., Dahl, A., Guttman, N., Fong, M., & Schauss, A. G. (2019). Novel Hydrolyzed Chicken Sternal Cartilage Extract Improves Facial Epidermis and Connective Tissue in Healthy Adult Females: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Alternative therapies in health and medicine, 25(5), 12–29.
Sharp, M. F., & Lopata, A. L. (2014). Fish allergy: in review. Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 46(3), 258–271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-013-8363-1
Soh, Z., Richards, A. J., McNinch, A., Alexander, P., Martin, H., & Snead, M. P. (2022). Dominant stickler syndrome. Genes, 13(6), 1089. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13061089
Tak, Y. J., Kim, Y. J., Lee, J. G., Yi, Y. H., Cho, Y. H., Kang, G. H., & Lee, S. Y. (2019). Effect of Oral Ingestion of Low-Molecular Collagen Peptides Derived from Skate (Raja Kenojei) Skin on Body Fat in Overweight Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Marine drugs, 17(3), 157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/md17030157
Walter, K., Tansek, M., Tobias, E. S., Ikegawa, S., Coucke, P., Hyland, J., Mortier, G., Iwaya, T., Nishimura, G., Superti-Furga, A., & Unger, S. (2007). COL2A1-related skeletal dysplasias with predominant metaphyseal involvement. American journal of medical genetics. Part A, 143A(2), 161–167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.31516
Wang, H. (2021). A review of the effects of collagen treatment in clinical studies. Polymers, 13(22), 3868. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13223868
White C. M. (2020). Dietary Supplements Pose Real Dangers to Patients. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 54(8), 815–819. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1060028019900504
Zdzieblik, D., Brame, J., Oesser, S., Gollhofer, A., & König, D. (2021). The Influence of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Knee Joint Discomfort in Young Physically Active Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients, 13(2), 523. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020523